Details

Subject(s)

• Vascular endothelial growth factors [Browse]
• Proprotein convertases [Browse]

Author

Khatib, A-Majid (Abdel-Majid) [Browse]

Series

• Colloquium digital library of life sciences [More in this series]
• Colloquium series on protein activation and cancer ; # 6. [More in this series]
• Colloquium series on protein activation and cancer, 2169-9410 ; # 6 [More in this series]

Summary note

The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family members that include VEGF-A, -B, -C, -D, and placental growth factor (PlGF), display distinct binding affinities for their receptors VEGFR-1, -2, and/or -3. In addition to their requirements in the initiation, development, and maintenance of blood and lymphatic vasculature, VEGFs and VEGFRs are upregulated during neoplasia and are involved in the remodeling of tumoral blood and lymphatic vasculature. By activating VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2, both expressed on blood endothelial cells, VEGF-A promotes the formation of new tumoral blood vessels and thereby accelerates tumor growth. In contrast, upregulation of VEGF-C, a ligand for lymphatic endothelial VEGFR-3 as well as for VEGFR-2, induces the formation of tumor-associated lymphatic vessels and thus promotes the passive metastatic dissemination of tumor cells to regional lymph nodes. Of the VEGF family members, only VEGF-C and -D were found to be proteolytically processed by Furin-like enzymes. This processing controls the selective activation of VEGFR-2 and -3 signaling during tumor angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. Here, we provide an overview of angiogenesis processes and discuss the importance of VEGF-C and VEGF-D precursors processing by the proprotein convertases during the activation of VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3 receptors and the mediation of their functions during angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and tumorigenesis.

Notes

• Part of: Colloquium digital library of life sciences.
• Series from website.

Bibliographic references

Includes bibliographical references (pages 37-51).

Source of description

Title from PDF title page (viewed on December 23, 2013).

Contents

• Abbreviations
• Acknowledgments
• 1. Angiogenesis: a global overview
• 1.1 New vessels formation processes
• 1.1.1 Intussusception and sprouting angiogenesis
• 1.2 The vascular system
• 1.2.1 Structure of vascular system
• 1.3 The lymphatic system
• 1.3.1 Structure of lymphatic system
• 2. VEGF family members, their receptors, and signaling
• 2.1 Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs)
• 2.2 Neuropilins
• 3. Activation, signaling, and function of VEGFRs
• 3.1 VEGFR1: a negative angiogenesis regulator
• 3.2 VEGFR2 receptor
• 3.2.1 Induction of proliferation by VEGF-A
• 3.2.2 Induction of migration by VEGF-R2 activation
• 3.2.3 Regulation of survival by VEGFR2 activation
• 3.2.4 Regulation of vascular permeability by VEGFR-2
• 3.3 VEGFR3 signaling and function
• 3.4 VEGFR heterodimerization
• 4. The role of VEGF family members in tumor angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis
• 4.1 VEGFs and VEGFRs in tumor angiogenesis
• 4.2 VEGFs and VEGFRs in tumor-associated lymphangiogenesis
• 5. Maturation of VEGF-C and VEGF-D by the proprotein convertases
• 5.1 VEGF-C precursor processing by the proprotein convertases
• 5.1.1 ProVEGF-C processing by the PCs and normal angiogenesis: fin zebrafish model
• 5.1.2 Processing of ProVEGF-C in tumor angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis
• 5.2 Processing of VEGF-D by the PCs
• 5.3 Concluding remarks
• References
• Author biographies.

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Indexed in

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Other format(s)

Also available in print.

ISBN

9781615046119

Doi

10.4199/C00097ED1V01Y201310PAC006

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