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006    m     o  d
007    cr |||||||||||
008    231010s2023    dcu     o     000 0 eng d
024 7  10.1596/1813-9450-10424
035    (CKB)5600000000604728
035    (NjHacI)995600000000604728
035    (EXLCZ)995600000000604728
040    NjHacI |beng |erda |cNjHacl
043    f------
050  4 HF1721 |b.E355 2023
082 04 382.3 |223
100 1  Edjigu, Habtamu, |eauthor.
245 10 Uncertainty in Preferential Trade Agreements : |bImpact of AGOA Suspensions on Exports / |cHabtamu Edjigu, Shushanik Hakobyan, Woubet Kassa.
246    Uncertainty in Preferential Trade Agreements
264  1 Washington, DC : |bWorld Bank, |c2023.
300    1 online resource (27 pages).
336    text |btxt |2rdacontent
337    computer |bc |2rdamedia
338    online resource |bcr |2rdacarrier
490 1  Policy research working papers
588    Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.
520    This study examines the impact of the abrupt suspension of African Growth and Opportunity Act benefits on exports from eligible African countries. The study uses a triple difference-in-differences estimation that controls for both country- and product-level export changes. The results suggest that the suspension of the African Growth and Opportunity Act has had a considerable negative impact on the level of exports to the United States. The impact appears to be bigger for countries with a high African Growth and Opportunity Act utilization rate. The suspension is associated with a 39 percent decline in exports to the United States. At the product level, the suspension hurt apparel and textile exports, leading to a decline of their exports by about 88 percent. Understanding the impact of withdrawing access to a nonreciprocal trade agreement is particularly important now, as the European Union began negotiating Economic Partnership Agreements with African countries, as a sign of a shift to reciprocity; the United States is considering a similar path of negotiating free trade agreements with individual African countries. These developments underscore the need to prepare for a post-African Growth and Opportunity Act period with more reciprocity, as trade uncertainty is becoming rampant.
650  0 Tariff preferences.
650  0 Exports |zAfrica.
650  0 Uncertainty.
650  0 Free trade |zAfrica.
700 1  Hakobyan, Shushanik, |eauthor.
700 1  Kassa, Woubet, |eauthor.
830  0 Policy research working papers.
906    BOOK