LEADER 02245cam a22003495i 4500001 99131234484206421 005 20180416162019.0 006 m d 007 cr cn||||||||| 008 020129s2018 dcu o i00 0 eng^^ 024 7 10.1596/29272 |2doi 035 (CKB)4920000001212563 035 (The World Bank)29272 035 (US-djbf)29272 035 (EXLCZ)994920000001212563 040 DJBF |beng |cDJBF |erda 100 1 Smith, Rebekah. 245 10 Managed Labor Migration in Afghanistan : |bIdentifying Host Countries for Managed Migration from Afghanistan / |cRebekah Smith. 246 Managed Labor Migration in Afghanistan 264 1 Washington, D.C. : |bThe World Bank, |c2018. 336 text |btxt |2rdacontent 337 computer |bc |2rdamedia 338 online resource |bcr |2rdacarrier 347 data file |2rda 490 1 Other papers 520 3 Foreign labor markets offer an excellent opportunity to improve employment and income outcomes for a country's workforce. However, if a sending country's workforce abroad is overly concentrated in a few receiving markets, it runs the risk of becoming dependent on conditions within those markets for employment opportunities and remittances for its workforce. A more managed migration approach to select higher-income host countries promises higher and more regular levels of remittances per capita through more formal channels, with expectations of skill improvements upon departure and after return. Currently, Afghanistan's workforce abroad is highly concentrated in Iran and Pakistan. This paper proposes a methodology for assessing potential expansion into new foreign labor markets, and applies said methodology to potential new labor markets for Afghan workers (including Malaysia, Europe, Australia, Central Asia, and Turkey, and expansion in Pakistan, Iran, and Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries). The findings indicate that GCC countries and Turkey are the most viable markets for absorbing Afghan workers in the coming years. 650 4 Conflict and Development 650 4 International Migration 650 4 Labor Markets 650 4 Poverty Reduction 650 4 Social Protections and Labor 700 1 Smith, Rebekah. 830 0 Other papers. 830 0 World Bank e-Library. 906 BOOK