LEADER 10700nam a22004453i 4500001 99125338461806421 005 20210901202916.0 006 m o d | 007 cr cnu|||||||| 008 210901s2012 xx o ||||0 eng d 020 1-283-30008-7 020 9786613300089 020 0-07-175367-2 035 (CKB)3360000000432048 035 (MiAaPQ)EBC4960544 035 (Au-PeEL)EBL4960544 035 (CaONFJC)MIL330008 035 (OCoLC)1024256267 035 (OCoLC)1154930412 035 (IN-ChSCO)ccn00377157 035 (EXLCZ)993360000000432048 040 MiAaPQ |beng |erda |epn |cMiAaPQ |dMiAaPQ 050 4 TP248.25.M45M43 2012 082 0 628.164 100 1 Federation, Water Environment. 245 10 Membrane BioReactors WEF Manual of Practice No. 36. 250 1st ed. 264 1 Blacklick : |bMcGraw-Hill Publishing, |c2012. 264 4 |c©2012. 300 1 online resource (262 pages) 336 text |btxt |2rdacontent 337 computer |bc |2rdamedia 338 online resource |bcr |2rdacarrier 490 1 McGraw-Hill's AccessEngineering 588 Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources. 520 The Definitive Guide to Membrane Bioreactors for Wastewater Treatment This Water Environment Federation resource presents best practices for the use of membrane bioreactors for wastewater treatment. The book begins with an overview of membrane and biological process fundamentals, followed by coverage of membrane bioreactor system integrated process design. The physical design of features unique to membrane bioreactors and the procurement of membrane equipment are discussed. This authoritative manual also covers the operation of properly designed membrane bioreactor facilities. Membrane Bioreactors covers: Membrane bioreactor capabilitiesMembrane fundamentalsBiological process fundamentalsMembrane bioreactor process designMembrane bioreactor facility designMembrane bioreactor membrane equipment procurementMembrane bioreactor operation. 505 0 Cover -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Preface -- Chapter 1 Introduction -- 1.0 Overview and Purpose -- 2.0 Organization and Structure of the Manual -- 3.0 Membrane Bioreactor Process Background -- 3.1 Membrane Bioreactor Process Introduction -- 3.2 Significant Components of a Membrane Bioreactor System -- 3.3 Scales of Membrane Bioreactor Application -- 4.0 History of Membrane Bioreactor Development -- 5.0 Overview of Membrane Bioreactor Capabilities -- 5.1 Benefits of Membrane Bioreactor Technology -- 5.2 Challenges of Membrane Bioreactor Technology -- 5.3 Typical Drivers for Membrane Bioreactor Installation -- 6.0 References -- Chapter 2 Membrane Fundamentals -- 1.0 Introduction -- 1.1 Membrane Bioreactor Process Overview -- 1.2 Membrane Performance Metrics -- 2.0 Membrane Equipment and Construction Materials -- 2.1 Membrane Classifications -- 2.2 Membrane Materials -- 3.0 Membrane System Configurations -- 3.1 Membrane and Membrane-Element Types -- 4.0 Membrane Operation and Maintenance Fundamentals -- 4.1 Membrane Fouling -- 4.2 Biological Factors -- 4.3 Fouling Control -- 4.4 Membrane Failure Mechanisms -- 5.0 References -- 6.0 Suggested Readings -- Chapter 3 Biological Process Fundamentals -- 1.0 Introduction -- 2.0 Process Fundamentals -- 2.1 Biochemical Operations in Membrane Bioreactor Systems -- 2.2 Governing Rate Kinetics -- 2.3 Biomass Growth and Substrate Consumption in Bioreactors -- 3.0 Process Configurations -- 3.1 Fully Aerobic Membrane Bioreactor Systems -- 3.2 Combined Biochemical Oxygen Demand and Biological Nitrogen Removal Systems -- 3.3 Combined Biological Nutrient (Nitrogen and Phosphorus) Removal Systems -- 4.0 Characteristics of Activated Sludge in Membrane Bioreactor Systems -- 4.1 Membrane Fouling and High Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids Concentration. 505 8 4.2 Effects of Operating Solids Retention Time, Extracellular Polymeric Substances, and Soluble Microbial Products on Membrane Fouling -- 4.3 Effects of Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids Concentration and Viscosity on Oxygen Transfer -- 4.4 Sludge Thickening Characteristics of Membrane Bioreactor Sludge -- 4.5 Sludge Bulking and Foaming -- 4.6 Observed Sludge Yields in Conventional Activated Sludge and Membrane Bioreactor Systems -- 4.7 Removal of Trace Contaminants in Conventional Activated Sludge and Membrane Bioreactor Systems -- 5.0 References -- 6.0 Suggested Readings -- Chapter 4 Membrane Bioreactor Process Design -- 1.0 Introduction -- 2.0 Membrane Bioreactor Process Overview -- 2.1 Pretreatment -- 2.2 Biological Process -- 2.3 Membrane Separation Process -- 2.4 Post-Treatment -- 2.5 Residuals Treatment -- 3.0 Definition of Membrane Bioreactor Design Basis -- 3.1 Design Basis of Biological Process -- 3.2 Design Basis of Membrane Separation Process -- 3.3 Equipment Redundancy -- 4.0 Pretreatment -- 4.1 Grit and Grease Removal -- 4.2 Screening -- 4.3 Primary Clarification -- 4.4 Peak Flow Management -- 4.5 Small Plant Considerations -- 4.6 Industrial Applications -- 5.0 Biological Process -- 5.1 Configuration of Biological Reactor -- 5.2 Solids and Hydraulic Retention Time -- 5.3 Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids Concentration -- 5.4 Return Activated Sludge Recirculation -- 5.5 Activated Sludge Characteristics -- 5.6 Oxygen Transfer -- 6.0 Membrane Separation Process -- 6.1 Membrane System Configuration -- 6.2 Flux Selection -- 6.3 Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids Concentration -- 6.4 Return Activated Sludge Recirculation -- 6.5 Permeation -- 6.6 Fouling Control -- 6.7 Ancillary Equipment -- 6.8 Instrumentation and Process Control -- 7.0 Post-Treatment -- 8.0 Residuals Treatment -- 8.1 Screenings -- 8.2 Waste Activated Sludge -- 8.3 Foam and Scum. 505 8 8.4 Spent Cleaning Solutions -- 9.0 Energy Optimization -- 9.1 Design Elements to Reduce Energy -- 9.2 Operational Elements to Reduce Energy -- 9.3 Equipment Elements to Reduce Energy -- 10.0 Process Simulation for Membrane Systems -- 11.0 References -- 12.0 Suggested Readings -- Chapter 5 Membrane Bioreactor Facility Design -- 1.0 General Concepts for Design of Membrane Bioreactor Facilities -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Membrane Bioreactor System Unit Process Configuration and Layout -- 1.3 Peak Flow Management and Membrane Bioreactor Facility Design -- 1.4 Facility Hydraulic Gradeline and Hydraulic Design Issues -- 1.5 Pretreatment -- 1.6 Design Considerations for New Membrane Bioreactor Facilities -- 1.7 Design Considerations for Membrane Bioreactor Retrofitting Using Existing Bioreactors and/or Tanks -- 1.8 Design Considerations for Upgrading to the Next Generation of Membranes -- 1.9 Other Design Considerations -- 2.0 Membrane Bioreactor Facility Design Principles and Concepts -- 2.1 Membrane Bioreactor System Layout -- 2.2 Membrane Bioreactor Aeration -- 2.3 Membrane Permeation -- 3.0 Ancillary Facilities and Equipment Design Concepts -- 3.1 Membrane-Related Ancillary Facilities -- 3.2 Bioreactor Aeration Blowers -- 3.3 Pumping Facilities (Return Activated Sludge, Mixed Liquor Recycle, Waste Activated Sludge, Mixed Liquor Transfer, and Scum) -- 3.4 Anoxic and Anaerobic Basin Mixers -- 3.5 Cranes and Hoists -- 3.6 Membrane Bioreactor Tank-Related Considerations -- 3.7 Instrumentation and Control -- 4.0 Survey of Current Membrane Bioreactor Practices in Significant Design Firms -- 4.1 Survey Size -- 4.2 Reasons for Selecting a Membrane Bioreactor Process -- 4.3 Project Delivery and Membrane Procurement -- 4.4 General Configuration -- 4.5 Pretreatment -- 4.6 Membrane Flux -- 4.7 Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids and Solids Retention Time. 505 8 4.8 Return Activated Sludge Pumping -- 4.9 Freeboard -- 4.10 Redundancy -- 4.11 Construction Materials -- 5.0 References -- 6.0 Suggested Readings -- Chapter 6 Membrane Bioreactor Membrane Equipment Procurement -- 1.0 Overview -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Membranes and Membrane Equipment Procurement Approaches -- 1.3 Membrane Equipment Supplier Scope of Services -- 2.0 Membrane Bioreactor Membrane Equipment Procurement -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Elements Common to Membrane Bioreactor Membrane Equipment Procurement Approaches -- 2.3 Membrane Bioreactor Procurement Approaches -- 3.0 Other Topics to Consider When Procuring Membrane Bioreactor Membrane Equipment -- 3.1 Membrane Bioreactor Warranties -- 3.2 Membrane Bioreactor Acceptance Testing -- 3.3 Bid Alternates -- 4.0 References -- Chapter 7 Membrane Bioreactor Operation -- 1.0 Operation and Routine Monitoring -- 1.1 Membrane Bioreactor Standard Procedure -- 1.2 Membrane Bioreactor Process Effects -- 2.0 Maintenance -- 2.1 Membrane Cleaning -- 2.2 Identifying and Replacing Damaged Membranes -- 2.3 Instrument Calibration -- 2.4 Membrane Storage, Handling, and Replacement -- 2.5 Ancillary Systems -- 2.6 Manufacturer Support -- 3.0 Optimization -- 3.1 Process -- 3.2 Chemical Usage -- 3.3 Operational Strategies for Energy Management -- 3.4 Innovative Approaches -- 4.0 Troubleshooting -- 5.0 Lessons Learned -- 5.1 Pretreatment -- 5.2 Membrane Tanks -- 5.3 Training -- 5.4 Membrane Bioreactor Strengths -- 5.5 Membrane Bioreactor Weaknesses -- 6.0 Operational Considerations that Differ From Conventional Activated Sludge Systems -- 7.0 References -- 8.0 Suggested Readings -- Appendix A: Standard Membrane Bioreactor Computations -- 1.0 Introduction -- 2.0 Design Example Overview -- 2.1 Design Flowrates and Maximum Monthly Loading Rates -- 2.2 Design Temperature -- 2.3 Treatment Objectives. 505 8 2.4 Overview of the Biological Reactor -- 2.5 Membrane Design and Redundancy Requirements -- 3.0 Standard Computations -- 3.1 Membrane System Design Information -- 3.2 Parameter Definitions -- 3.3 Required Membrane Area -- 3.4 Required Number of Small Membrane Subunits with Ten Percent Spare -- 3.5 Required Number of Large Membrane Subunits -- 3.6 Required Membrane Tank Volume -- 3.7 Instantaneous, Temperature-Corrected Flux -- 3.8 Peak-Day Solids Loading Rate -- 3.9 Air Scour Air Demands -- 3.10 Membrane Permeability -- 4.0 Recovery Cleaning Calculations -- 4.1 Membrane Tank Drain Pump -- 4.2 Recovery Cleaning Chemical Volume -- 5.0 Reference -- Appendix B: Glossary. 500 Print version c2012. 500 "Prepared by the Energy Conservation in Water and Wastewater Treatment Facilities Task Force of the Water Environment Federation." 546 In English. 650 0 Membrane reactors. 650 0 Membrane separation. 650 0 Bioreactors. 650 0 Water |xPurification |xMembrane filtration. 700 1 Daigger, Glen T. 710 2 Water Environment Federation. 776 |z0-07-175366-4 906 BOOK